What does "grudging" signify when used to describe an agreement?

The term "grudging," when used to describe an agreement, signifies a reluctant and resentful nature. It implies that the agreement is made with some degree of reluctance, as if one party feels compelled to agree rather than doing so willingly or with enthusiasm. The nuance of resentment suggests that there may be underlying feelings of dissatisfaction or unwillingness in reaching that consensus. This is a key aspect because the word conveys a lack of enthusiasm or positivity regarding the agreement.

In contrast, the other options describe attitudes towards agreement that are fundamentally different. The first choice indicates a sense of eagerness or willingness, which contrasts sharply with the reluctance implied by "grudging." The third option suggests confidence and assertiveness, which are also at odds with the idea of making an agreement with hesitation or reluctance. The last choice implies a warm and inviting demeanor, further diverging from the negative connotations associated with grudging compliance. Thus, "grudging" effectively captures the essence of an agreement that lacks genuine support or positivity, aligning perfectly with the description of being reluctant and resentful.