What does the verb 'stymie' refer to?

The verb 'stymie' is used to describe a situation in which progress or development is obstructed or hindered. When something is stymied, it encounters barriers that effectively prevent it from moving forward or achieving its intended outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer aligns with this understanding of the term, highlighting how 'stymie' signifies an impediment or obstruction.

In contrast, the other options imply positive actions—such as aiding progress, facilitating change, or supporting development—which are opposite in meaning to what 'stymie' conveys. Thus, while those words denote the idea of promoting or encouraging advancement, 'stymie' specifically captures the act of creating obstacles that thwart such efforts.